Standards, Names & Numbers

This course introduces the technical building blocks that make the internet work at global scale. It explains how standards, identifiers, names, numbers, and regional registries create a shared system that allows billions of devices and networks to connect, communicate, and grow reliably.

Standards, Names & Numbers explores the universal technical protocols and unique identifiers that form the foundation of global internet communication. It examines how open organizations like the IETF develop essential standards such as TCP/IP and HTTPS, while entities like ICANN, IANA, and the five Regional Internet Registries coordinate the distribution of domain names and IP addresses. The course also highlights the critical network transition from IPv4 to IPv6 and the importance of internationalized domain names for fostering digital and linguistic inclusion. In short, understanding these underlying technical rules and naming systems reveals the collaborative framework that allows diverse devices and networks worldwide to seamlessly connect.

This course was developed by the Internet Society (ISOC), a global nonprofit organization that promotes the open development, evolution, and use of the internet. ISOC works with communities, experts, and institutions around the world to support an internet that is open, globally connected, secure, and trustworthy.

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